5D Memory Crystal FAQs

Explore the most frequently asked questions about SPhotonix’s revolutionary 5D Memory Crystals—ultra-durable, sustainable data storage built to last billions of years.

What is 5D Memory Crystal data storage?

5D Memory Crystal data storage, also known as "Superman memory crystal," is a revolutionary data storage technology using femtosecond laser writing to permanently record digital data in silica glass, offering immense storage capacity and resilience for potentially billions of years.

Why do we need this type of data storage?

Despite all technological progress, it is still difficult to securely store large amounts of data over even relatively short timescales of 100 years. There are a rising number of data warehouses however there aren’t enough for current and future data storage needs. Our 5D optical data storage technology eliminates this problem by storing high capacity digital information that could survive the human race.

How does this 5D optical data storage work?

The 5D optical data storage works by creating tiny - with a lateral size of tens of nanometers - voxels within the fused silica glass using femtosecond laser pulses. These voxels possess birefringence, i.e. they transmit orthogonally polarized light differently. In other words, they change how light travels through them much in the same way that polarized sunglasses do, allowing scientists to read information about each depending on how the light is transformed. The changes to the light convey five ‘dimensions’ of information (thus the name), based on a voxel location within the fused quartz slab (three spatial coordinates), orientation of the voxel birefringence axis and the voxel birefringence strength.

How big is the 5D Memory Crystal itself?

The technology exploits high purity fused quartz substrates, which can reach various sizes up to several meters. We are currently using 25 mm diameter discs, which are easy to handle and investigate. However, in future we plan to look into 3 mm thick  5” x 5” standard fused quartz plates, which should ultimately fit about 360 TB.

How is it different from storing information and data on hard drives?

Semiconductor data storage such as flash drives and solid-state drives provide a lifespan around ten years. Magnetization-based memory, such as HDD, needs to transfer data every couple of years in order to prevent data loss, while the data stored in conventional optical devices such as CD, DVD, HD DVD and Blu-ray only last tens of years. Other data storage devices such as holographic memory can only reach the lifetime of a few decades. Utilizing a proprietary software-controlled femtosecond laser, we create tiny voxels (*3-dimensional pixels) etched inside quartz glass for archival data storage.

How much can each 5D Memory Crystal store?

The current achievable density is several TB per disc (CD size of 12 cm, 1.2 mm thickness), which is of the same order as magnetic disc data storage. In a couple of years, we hope to achieve about 20 TB per disc. We estimate the ultimate capacity of 360 TB data storage per disc using this 5D Optical technology.

How long will the stored data last?

The lifetime of the voxel  is about 10^20 year at room temperature, indicating unprecedented safety of the data imprinted in fused quartz. Even at elevated temperatures of 190 deg C the extrapolated decay time is comparable with the age of the Universe—13.8 billion years.

How robust is the 5D Memory Crystal?

The 5D Optical Data storage has extremely high data stability because the information is recorded in structural modifications within fused quartz glass, one of the most chemically and thermally durable materials on Earth. The discs can withstand fire and temperatures of up to 1000deg C. The glass can withstand direct impact of up to ½ ton, and are not susceptible to humidity, liquid damage or electro-magnetic pulse.

Would SPhotonix have access to the data stored on the 5D Memory Crystal after it has been handed over?

SPhotonix does not have access to the data stored on the 5D Memory crystal after it has been securely delivered to the customer. The data is physically encoded into the crystal's nanostructures, and SPhotonix does not retain copies or access methods once the crystal is delivered.

Which sectors would use 5D Memory Crystal for data storage?

It is really limitless as all sectors have a need to store digital data securely and this is only going to increase. SPhotonix technology has many use cases for both archival data storage and readable data storage. Sectors likely to use 5D Memory Crystal for data storage include:

  • DNA and ancestor organisations

  • Scientific research institutions

  • Historical archives, museums, libraries and auction houses

  • Health care providers, labs and research organizations

  • Insurance companies and professional organizations

  • Defence and intelligence organizations and businesses

  • Film studios, production companies, recording artists and artwork

  • Government agencies for long-term record keeping

  • Financial institutions for secure data preservation

  • Energy sector companies with large-scale data storage needs

  • Space agencies for durable data storage in extreme conditions

  • Entertainment, Gaming and Content businesses that want to preserve their IP in perpetuity

How readable is the data in a 5D Memory Crystal?

The data in a 5D Memory Crystal is highly readable with the right equipment. The crystal uses five-dimensional data encoding (three spatial dimensions plus two optical dimensions), allowing for high data density and longevity even under the most extreme environmental conditions.

How would we store the 5D Memory Crystal?

Our 5D Optical Data Storage crystals can be stored in normal environmental conditions due to their extreme durability.

How do we read the data etched onto the 5D Memory Crystal?

We use advanced microscopy to decode the five dimensions of data etched into the crystal. Currently we offer a lab-based service that includes one read (*additional read bundles can be purchased along with ad hoc requests as needed). Customers that buy crystals now will be the first to be able to purchase our consumer reading devices likely over the next 3-4 years as we continue to innovate to increase read/write speeds for widespread adoption of this technology across enterprise and consumer data storage requirements.

How secure and private is the data stored in the crystal?

Data storage in the crystal is highly secure and private. The physical nature of the storage medium makes it immune to traditional hacking methods. Without the specialized equipment required for reading, the data remains inaccessible.

How sustainable are the SPhotonix 5D Memory Crystals?

Our 5D Memory Crystals  are made from fused quartz, a chemically stable and abundant material. The crystals do not require power for data retention and will last for over a thousand years

How big is data storage going to be? What is the growth rate and why?

The data storage market is experiencing rapid growth due to increasing digitization across industries, the rise of big data, and the proliferation of IoT devices. The need for innovative storage solutions like 5D Memory Crystals is driven by the exponential increase in data generation and retention requirements. 90% of data was created in the last two years and analysts estimate over 291 Zetabytes by 2027 which has spurred the need for increased data archiving and data preservation requirements.

How would instructions for accessing the information be communicated to whoever discovers these devices in the future?

Customers can include drawings and graphics to be printed on the crystals (*best to use black or white or grayscale). These images tell the story of your data etched into the quartz glass for storage. Please see our Collections for design inspiration.

What is the size of the disc? Do you offer multiple sizes of the 5D Memory Crystals?

2.5cm Disc could store up to 10TB
2inch Platter could store up to 57TB
5inch Platter could store up to 360TB

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